Introduction Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transitioned from a speculative concept in science fiction to a driving force in global innovation. It is rapidly transforming every aspect of human life—from how …
Introduction CRISPR gene editing is a groundbreaking advancement in molecular biology and genetics that has transformed the landscape of medicine, agriculture, and biological research. The term “CRISPR” stands for Clustered …
Introduction Since the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union in the 2016 referendum, the debate over whether Brexit was a success has dominated British political discourse. While critics …
1. Introduction The COVID‑19 pandemic was an unprecedented global health emergency that began in late 2019 and resulted in nearly 20–30 million excess deaths and enormous economic and social upheaval …
