Victoria Terminus, now known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT), is a historic railway station located in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. It is one of the busiest and most iconic railway stations in India, serving as a major transportation hub for commuters traveling within Mumbai as well as those traveling to other parts of the country.
The construction of Victoria Terminus began in 1878 under the supervision of the British architect Frederick William Stevens, and the station was completed in 1887 to commemorate the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria. The station’s design is a fusion of Victorian Gothic Revival and traditional Indian architecture, featuring ornate domes, turrets, spires, and intricate carvings that showcase the architectural grandeur of the British colonial era.
One of the most striking features of Victoria Terminus is its imposing central dome, which rises to a height of over 30 meters and is crowned by a spectacular figure of a woman holding a torch, symbolizing progress and enlightenment. The dome is flanked by two smaller domes and is surrounded by a series of turrets and minarets, creating a magnificent silhouette against the Mumbai skyline.
The facade of Victoria Terminus is adorned with exquisite stone carvings, sculptures, and decorative motifs, depicting scenes from Indian mythology, history, and culture. The station’s main entrance is embellished with a grand staircase leading up to a balcony adorned with statues of lions and elephants, symbolizing strength and power.
Inside, Victoria Terminus is a bustling hive of activity, with numerous platforms, ticket counters, waiting halls, and concourses catering to the needs of millions of passengers each day. The station is equipped with modern amenities, including escalators, elevators, and electronic display boards, to ensure the smooth and efficient movement of passengers.
In 1996, Victoria Terminus was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in recognition of its architectural significance and historical importance. The station has since undergone several restoration and preservation efforts to maintain its original charm and character while also meeting the demands of modern transportation.
In 2017, the station was officially renamed Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT) in honor of the 17th-century Maratha warrior king, Shivaji Maharaj, who played a crucial role in the history of Maharashtra. However, the station continues to be popularly known as Victoria Terminus or VT among locals and travelers alike.
Today, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT) remains a symbol of Mumbai’s rich heritage and a testament to the city’s enduring spirit of resilience and progress. It continues to serve as a vital lifeline for millions of commuters and travelers, connecting them to destinations far and wide while also preserving the legacy of India’s colonial past.
