About
Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country in Southeast Europe on the Balkan Peninsula, known for its stunning landscapes, complex history, and rich cultural diversity. It is made up of two main regions — Bosnia in the north and Herzegovina in the south — and it shares borders with Croatia, Serbia, and Montenegro, with a small stretch of coastline on the Adriatic near Neum.
The terrain is largely mountainous, especially in the central and eastern parts, where the Dinaric Alps dominate; Herzegovina tends to have more Mediterranean influences in climate and vegetation. Sarajevo is the capital and cultural heart of the country, a place where Ottoman, Austro-Hungarian and more modern architectural styles coexist.
Bosnia and Herzegovina is home to three major ethnic groups — Bosniaks (mostly Muslim), Serbs (mostly Orthodox Christian), and Croats (mostly Catholic) — and all three have had substantial influence in the country’s culture and political life. The Bosnian War in the 1990s left deep scars, both human and infrastructural, but since then there have been significant efforts at reconstruction, reconciliation, and political reform, even though challenges remain.